Metabolism and Obesity

The diabetic metabolism is almost identical to the metabolism of people without diabetes. The only difference is the volume and/or effectiveness of the insulin produced by the body. Overweight people with either pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes most typically produces significantly more insulin than non-diabetic people resulting from a higher ratio of body fat to muscle. The reason for this is insulin resistance, which means that the body can't use its insulin effectively enough. If insulin resistance exists, this therefore reduces the effectiveness of the phase 1 insulin response .The pancreas will release all the insulin it has but it likely won’t be enough because the insulin is less effective.
To overcome this stage, the body has to rely on its phase 2 insulin responses, however, this takes some time and therefore in that time, without sufficient insulin available, blood sugar levels in the type 2 diabetic or pre-diabetic are very likely to rise higher than normal.
In type 1 diabetes:  immune system mistakenly makes antibodies that attack the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas, resulting in little or no insulin production.
In type 2 diabetes: the pancreas usually produces adequate levels of insulin, but for some reason, the body has trouble responding to insulin

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